Introduction

Tutorials

Data types and nodes

Reference

Installing GeoData Manager

Graph basics

The parts of the Multiple Graph window

There are graph menus and graph buttons across the top.

The left of the window is the worksheet area, which displays worksheets, which are the numbers in the data set(s) that you selected to graph. In this case:

The parts of a graph

The curves on the graph are called series. This graph has two series, one black and one red.

The legend shows that:

Doing something with the graph

In addition to looking at the graph, you can print it or export it in many formats, for example as a graphic, as numbers, as XML or as a text file.

To do this with a graph ... use
Print a graph The Print button [Multiple Graph only]
The Editor window/Print tab for quick and easy printing
Export a graph as a graphic (picture) file The Editor window/Export tab/Picture tab
Export a graph as data (numbers) The Editor window/Export tab/Native tab or /Data tab
The Export button [Multiple Graph only] This works in a similar way to the standard Export function

Changing how a graph looks


To change ... make changes in
The axis names and orientation The Settings window
The series being displayed on the graph The Series, Editor or Settings windows read more
The series (colours, point symbols, line types) The Schema window for long-term changes
The Editor window/Series tab, to override the Schema window settings
What is displayed on a geological column graph See this tutorial
Zoom, scroll and change units See here
The axes (title, labels, ticks, grid, position) The Editor window/Chart tab/Axis tab and /General tab
The title The Editor window/Chart tab/Titles tab
The Settings window to change the words of the title
The legend The Editor window/Chart tab/Legend tab
The Legend window [Multiple Graph only] to change the legend's format and a few other settings
The panel The Editor window/Chart tab/Panel tab
Paging (split a graph into several pages, for example for printing) The Editor window/Chart tab/Paging tab
3D Graphs (showing each series as a 3D ribbon) The Editor window/Chart tab/3D tab and /Walls tab

Note

When you change how a graph looks, the changes are stored in the preferences file graphstyles.mdb read more.


Tutorial: Setting up the graph axes and series (Settings)

Open the settings window to set up the axes and series on a graph:

NOTE


To start, select a typical discharge simulation and click QuickGraph. Ignore the graph for now. Click Graph, then Settings to open the Settings window:

A graph of temperature against depth for the discharge simulation

Change the settings to look like the window above:

  1. Independent axis: Select Vertical Depth (a field in the discharge simulation) from the dropdown list; select Left to have this axis on the left; tick Invert to have zero depth at the top of the axis; tick Autoscale Axis to let the Graph module handle the axis numbers.

  2. Dependent axis 1: Select Temperature (a unit type in the discharge simulation) from the dropdown list; tick Autoscale Axis again.

  3. Dependent axis 2: Select None from the dropdown list.

  4. At the top of the window, tick Show Lines and untick Show Points (there are usually many points, and displaying them will clutter the graph).

  5. Visible Fields 1: Ensure Temperature is ticked.

  6. Click OK:

Showing the points on the series

Open the Settings window and change:

  1. At the top of the window, tick Show Points to display the points.

  2. Click OK:

  3. There are many points on the series, which overlap and make the line fat. Open the Settings window again and untick Show Points.

Adding Enthalpy as a second axis

Open the Settings window and change:

The graph has four curves for Enthalpy. This is because you selected a unit type of Enthalpy for the second dependent axis, and the discharge simulation has four fields with a unit type of Enthalpy.

Removing some of the Enthalpy series (curves) from the graph

Open the Settings window and change:

  1. Visible Fields 1: Untick Liquid Enthalpy, Vapour Enthalpy and Mixture Enthalpy.

  2. Click OK:

Changing the axis scale - Autoscale

The above graph has the Enthalpy and Temperature axes autoscaled, which makes a busy-looking graph. To manually scale the axes, open the Settings window and change:

  1. Dependent axis 1: Untick Autoscale Axis. Set Minimum to 0 and Maximum to 400. These numbers are Temperatures [degC], because Dependent axis 1 is Temperature.

  2. Dependent axis 2: Untick Autoscale Axis. Set Minimum to 0 and Maximum to 2000. These numbers are Enthalpies [kJ/kg], because Dependent axis 1 is Enthalpy.

  3. Click OK:

Displaying a graph of temperature against enthalpy for the discharge simulation

In the graph above:

This is how we usually think of the data, because:

However, in the graph module, any field can be the independent axis, and any data types can be the dependent axes. In this example, you will display a graph of temperature against enthalpy:

Open the Settings window and change:

  1. Independent axis: Select Enthalpy; Untick Invert to have zero enthalpy at the bottom of the axis; tick Autoscale Axis.

  2. Dependent axis 1: Select Temperature; tick Autoscale Axis.

  3. Dependent axis 2: Select None

  4. Click OK:

Working with Increment (settings menu)

Increment is the change in value between numbers along a graph axis. For Increment = 20:

For Increment = 10:

For small values of Increment, there are too many numbers to fit along an axis, and GeoData Manager just leaves some out. For Increment = 1:

You can also set Increment to zero, and we recommend this:

For a log axis, Increment works differently, see below.

Log 10 axes

To change an axis to Log 10, tick the box in settings. A log 10 axis is green:

In the Settings menu, the word Increment changes to # per decade:


Tutorial: Setting up a geological column Multiple Graph (Settings)

To move up and down the column, turn the scroll wheel on the mouse.

Open the settings window to set up the geological column graph:

Customising the cross section display

The top half of the settings window is the same as for a line graph described here. Here we use the bottom half of the settings window. Start with these settings:

In Geology > Stratigraphy, tag three wells: AT-502, AT-601 and AT-602 (the one with Geology data ID = FORMATION). On the map view they are approximately in a line:

The profile orientation is Wells in alphabetical order. The graph looks like this, with the wells equally spaced across the graph. This is not a cross section yet:

Now open the settings window, click Profile Orientation > West - East direction This places the wells on a west - east cross section through the wells:

The wells are in an approximate line at about 30 degrees to the horizontal, so to display a better cross section, click Profile Orientation > Specified angle and enter 30 degrees for the angle:

The above graphs were spaced across the graph according to the wellhead position. To space them according to the well bottoms, click Location at well base:

If the column graphs are too close together, change the label direction: this is for 30 degrees:

Note:

Customising the rock colours and patterns:

  1. Go to Lookups > Geology > Rock Types (read about lookups here. Right-click the rock type to change and click Edit:

  2. Click the field to the right of Image:

    Change the pattern, foreground colour and background colour as required. Click OK, then click Save.


Tutorial: Changing a graph on the fly (zoom, scroll, axes, units)

Zooming

There are three ways to zoom: zoom all directions, zoom dependent axis or zoom independent axis. To set the zoom:

  1. In Multiple Graph, click the Graph; or for Quick Graph, in the home window click the Quick Graph.

  2. Click Set zoom direction and click an option in the flyout menu:

To zoom, move the cursor on the graph to the top, left of where you want to see, hold down the left mouse button and drag to the bottom, right of where you want to see; release the button. The shape of the cursor changes to show what will zoom.


Zoom all directions

This is the normal zoom, for example to inspect a part of a series in detail. The cursor is a horizontal and vertical arrow. To zoom, move the cursor to the top, left of where you want to see, hold down the left mouse button and drag to the bottom, right of where you want to see:

Release the mouse. Both axes zoom:


Returning to normal

Hold the left mouse button down on the graph and drag anywhere up and to the left:

Release the button:


Zoom independent axis

This zooms the independent axis but not the dependent axis. The cursor is an arrow in the direction of the independent axis. In this example, depth is the independent axis; depth is the vertical axis so the cursor is a vertical arrow. When you zoom, it zooms depth but not the horizontal axis:

To return to normal: Hold the left mouse button down on the graph, drag anywhere up and to the left, release.


Zoom dependent axis

This zooms the dependent axis but not the independent axis. The cursor is an arrow in the direction of the dependent axis. In this example, well pressure and temperature are is the dependent axis; these are horizontal so the cursor is a horizontal arrow. When you zoom, it zooms the horizontal but not the depth axis:

To return to normal: Hold the left mouse button down on the graph, drag anywhere up and to the left, release.

Scrolling

Scrolling moves all series (and axes) in any direction, so that you can see another part of a graph; usually a zoomed graph, as here. Hover the cursor over the graph. Hold the right mouse button down and drag the graph within its axes. Release the button.

To return to normal: Hold the left mouse button down on the graph, drag anywhere up and to the left, release.

Dragging an axis

Dragging an axis moves that axis and any of its series, so that you can see another part of a graph; usually a zoomed graph, as here. Hover the cursor over the graph axis; the cursor changes to a . Hold the left mouse button down and drag the axis. Release the button.

Here, we dragged the well pressure axis to the left so we could see the well pressure and well temperature series together.

To return to normal: Hold the left mouse button down on the graph, drag anywhere up and to the left, release.

Changing axis units on the fly

Right click the axis to change, click a new unit:

Note that when you change units like this, the axis always changes to Autoscale, because because the original Minimum and Maximum might not be appropriate for the new unit.

Mouseover a legend item to highlight the corresponding series (line)

When you move the mouse over an item in a graph legend, the corresponding series (line) is highlit. For example:

Note


Tutorial: Setting series and point colour and style (Schema)

Use the schema window to set up series and point colour and style read more. To open the schema window:


  1. Select any two downhole PT tests from two different wells. Click the beside Multiple Graph and click Depth/Elevation Graph to open Multiple Graph.

  2. Click Schema and set the Schema rules tab data as shown above. Click OK.

  3. If necessary, use Legends to change the legend,

    and use Settings to turn Points on, select Well Temperature and Well Pressure as the visible fields and to set the graph axes until your graph looks like this:

  4. The above graph is confusing, because it has too many points, and the lines and points are all the same colour. Click Schema and use the Schema rules tab to make the graph look better:

  5. To reduce the number of points, click Display a maximum of and enter 10 into data points in each series.

  6. In Settings above you saw there were two visible fields, Well Temperature and Well Pressure. In the schema rules Line colour dropdown list, choose Cycle line colour by field name. This uses a different line colour for each field, so the two Temperature lines are now a different colour to the two Pressure lines. Click OK to see this:

  7. Click Schema again. There are two data sets, one for each well. In the Symbol dropdown list, choose Cycle symbol by data set and in the Symbol colour dropdown list choose Cycle symbol colour by data set. This makes the points for each data set (well) different. Click OK. The graph is now less confusing:

More options to try

There is no correct schema for a graph, just schemas that help you interpret the graph better. Try these options for schema rules one at a time and see what works for you:

But probably the best thing here is to use the settings window, turn off autoscale axis for both dependent axis 1 and 2 and set the axis minimums and maximums to move the temperature and pressure series apart on the graph. You learnt how to do that above, right?


Tutorial: Manually entering data for Multiple Graph

Usually you will select one or more data sets to graph before you click Graph. However, you can click Multiple Graph without selecting any data sets first, then:

Manually entering data to graph

This example is for a measured discharge profile:

  1. In the main program go to the type of data set that you want to graph, measured discharge profile.

  2. Click Multiple Graph.

  3. The graph module starts and the worksheet shows an empty data set for a measured discharge profile:

  4. Enter data for the first vertical depth:

  5. Click (top left corner of worksheet) and click Save changes to accept your data for the first depth:

  6. Click again and click Add record to create a new empty row in the worksheet.

  7. Repeat the above three steps to enter a row of data, save it and add a new record until you have entered all your data:

  1. Click Settings and check these settings:

    Independent axis is set to Vertical Depth, Inverted, Left, Autoscale Axis.

    Dependent axis 1 is set to Pressure, Autoscale Axis.

    Dependent axis 2 is set to Temperature, Autoscale Axis.

    At the top of the window: The setting is Show Lines, not Show Points.

    Visible Fields 1 is set to Pressure and Temperature.

Click OK:


Tutorial: Ternary graphs

A ternary graph has threes axes, X, Y and Z, arranged in an equilateral triangle. In GeoData Manager, Chemistry > Fluids - by Sample Set and Chemistry > Fluids - by Sample can display ternary graphs for any three constituents. Each point on the graph shows the relative proportions of each constituent, as a percent.

The graph below displays:

The total ppm is 200, so the point on the graph shows A is 20%, B is 30 % and C is 50%.

A ternary graph is a type of multiple graph, with the same worksheet and graph windows. Use the same multiple graph tools; the settings window is specific to ternary graphs.

Built-in ternary graps

GeoData Manager has three built-in, commonly used, graphs, Na-Mg-K (Giggenbach), Cl-HCO3-SO4 and N2-Ar-He. The N2-Ar-He graph can display lines and labels. For example, to display an N2-Ar-He graph:

  1. Navigate to Chemistry > Fluids - by Sample Set.

  2. Create a Header View with the following fields: Sample Site, Sample Type, Sample Set, Sample Time / ID, Depth sampled, Gas N2, Gas Ar, Gas He.

  3. Save this Header View as “N2-Ar-He” for future reference and then press OK.

  4. Tag the data to plot. It is a good idea to tag only that data with values greater than zero (remember negative values are used to express the accuracy of the data, and are not real values).

  5. In the tool bar at the top, click the down arrow beside the multiple graph tool and click N2-Ar-He.

  6. The ternary selection window opens. Since this is a built-in graph you can not change the constituents here. Note how GeoData Manager will automatically divide the N2 value by 100 and multiply the He value by 10 when it displays the graph.

  7. Click on Draw and Save Graph in the Ternary Selection form.

Note

A general ternary graph

GeoData Manager lets you choose the constituents for a ternary graph.

  1. Go to Chemistry > Fluids - by Sample Set. Tag some records.

  2. In the tool bar at the top, click the down arrow beside the multiple graph tool and click General ternary graph.

  3. The ternary selection window opens. For each axis, select the constituent from the dropdown list and, if required, enter a factor to multiply or divide each value by and choose to square or square-root each value before graphing it. Specify ppm or molar units. This is what I used:

    Note how GeoData Manager has automatically generated a name for the graph As-B-Cs.

  4. Click Draw and Save Graph to save the graph under this name and draw the graph:

  5. Here the points are clustered near the top of the graph. To see a better spread:

    • Either zoom by dragging from top left to bottom right (temporary)
    • Or click Ternary at the top left to return to the ternary selection window, where you can change the factors to multiply or divide the values by.
    • Or go to the settings window and choose Zoom to top vertex:

Working with saved ternary graphs

Work with saved ternary graphs in the ternary selection window. To open this window:

GeoData Manager saves your general ternary graphs in the dropdown list under Choose from stored ternary graphs. When you enter constituents for a new general graph, GeoData Manager automatically generates a name for the new graph in the dropdown list, using the constituents, for example:

To enter a better name, click Rename graph and enter the new name.

GeoData Manager saves your graph's constituents and settings when you click Save graph and return or Draw and save graph.

Later, in the ternary selection window you can reload a graph's constituents and settings by selecting the graph in the dropdown list of stored graphs. After you have done this you can: